Bleeding gums can be a sign of serious
gum diseases. It often indicates that you are at a risk of getting gum diseases, mainly due to the lack of proper oral hygiene.
Bleeding gums when brushing can indicate gingivitis, which can progress over time to cause periodontal diseases. However, gingivitis is not the only bleeding gums cause. Gums can also bleed due to trauma or injury. This can happen when you brush your teeth too vigorously. Apart from this, bleeding gum can be caused by various other conditions. A few of the most common and important causes of bleeding gums are explained below.
Bleeding Gums Causes
It is true that gum diseases are the most common bleeding gum causes. But sometimes, gum bleeding can be associated with conditions other than gum diseases. Some of these conditions can be minor, while others can be quite serious. These possible causes of bleeding gums are discussed below.
Gingivitis
Gingivitis is the most common bleeding gums cause.
Gingivitis refers to swelling or inflammation of the gums, which can be accompanied by tenderness. Such
gums bleed when brushing teeth. Gingivitis is caused by poor oral hygiene, which contributes to the excessive growth of bacteria inside the mouth. Bacteria form plaques and eventually tartar, which in turn results in swollen and bleeding gums. Gingivitis can be prevented and also reversed with regular brushing and flossing.
Periodontal Disease
Periodontal disease or periodontitis is the condition that develops from gingivitis, if it is left untreated. It is a serious gum disease, that not only damages the gum tissues, but also the bones that support the teeth. Periodontitis can cause gumline recession and loss of teeth. The signs of periodontitis are, excessive swelling, bleeding and tender gums, development of pus between the teeth, bright red or purplish gums and bad breath.
Periodontal disease calls for immediate medical attention, as besides causing loss of teeth, it may raise the risk for heart attack and stroke.
Harsh Brushing
Brushing your teeth too vigorously is not good for your teeth and gums. Your gums can be injured by continued harsh brushing, while the enamel of your teeth can erode slowly. This can expose the dentin layer of the teeth that contains the nerve fibers, which can ultimately make your teeth very sensitive to hot or cold foods, sweets and acidic foods.
Hormonal Changes
In women, gum problems can be caused by hormonal changes. A fluctuation in the hormonal levels can be an important cause of gum problem and bleeding gums in some women. Women may experience
bleeding gums during pregnancy, puberty, menopause and also at the time of menstruation. An increase in female hormones can increase the supply of blood to the gums, which may result in swollen and tender gums, that bleed quite easily.
Nutritional Deficiency
Nutritional deficiency, especially deficiency of
vitamin K can manifest in bleeding gums. It is the vitamin that is required for blood clotting. Deficiency of this vitamin can cause delay in blood clotting. Deficiency of
vitamin C can also cause gum problems.
Other Important Causes for Bleeding gums
Ill fitting dentures, smoking and use of tobacco, improper flossing, infection of the teeth or the gums and use of certain medications like, anticoagulants, calcium channel blockers, nasal sprays, oral contraceptives and antidepressants are some other possible bleeding gums causes. Apart from these, frequent gum bleeding could be a sign of bleeding disorder,
scurvy and
leukemia. Chemotherapy drugs too can cause bleeding from gums.
Symptoms that can Accompany Bleeding Gums
The symptoms that can be observed along with gum bleeding are:
- Sore and swollen gums
- Development of deep pockets between the teeth and gums
- Loose teeth and receding gums
- Bad breath
- Persistent bad taste in the mouth
- A change in the way the teeth usually fit together.
Treatment for Bleeding Gums
Bleeding gums treatment would depend on the underlying causes. In general, one can prevent gum problems by following a proper
oral hygiene program that includes regular brushing and flossing, avoiding tobacco products and by following a balanced diet. It is also essential to avoid eating foods with sharp edges, if your gums bleed too easily. Gum massage, use of clove oil and
aloe vera gel, rinsing the mouth with saline water and drinking plenty of water are some of the home remedies for bleeding and swollen gums. Along with these, you can consider using mouthwash recommended by your dentist to keep gum and teeth problems at bay.
So, this was a brief overview of bleeding gums cause, as well as the symptoms and treatment of this condition. The best way to prevent gum and teeth problems is to maintain good oral hygiene and follow proper
dental care procedures. To know more about how to take care of your gums and teeth, and learn the appropriate brushing and flossing techniques, you can talk to your dentist.